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· ‘T.H. Huxley’ made the first attempt to explain the origin of man on a scientific basis in his book ‘Man’s Place in the Nature’ (1863AD). · ‘Charles Darwin’ published his views on man’s ancestry in the book ‘Descent of Man’ (1871AD). · Linnaeus gave the scientific name Homo sapiens to man. · Lucretius called men ‘Babies born out of the womb of the earth’. · Mammals originated from Therapsid reptiles in the Triassic period of the Mesozoic era about 250 million years ago. Its teeth, limbs and other skeletal features resembled those of present mammals. · First primitive mammal was an egg-laying prototherian that originated from synapsid reptiles in the Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic era. · Lemurs were the first primates to evolve. Primates appeared in the Paleocene epoch of the tertiary period of the Cenozoic era about 65 million years ago from the small terrestrial shrew-like insectivores, a stock from which other types of existing mammals also arose. · Certain insectivores started ...

·   Many theories have been put forward by many scientists to explain the mechanism of evolution. ·   Some of the important theories are given below. 1.  Lamarckism  or Lamarck's theory or Theory of Inheritance of Acquired characters 2.  Darwinism  or Darwin’s theory or Theory of Natural selection 3.  Mutation theory  of Hugo de Vries 4.  Modern synthetic theory  or Neo-Darwinism or Modern Concept of Evolution 1. Lamarckism or Lamarck's theory or Theory of Inheritance of Acquired Characters (1744-1829 AD) · Lamarck, the great French biologist, put forward the theory of evolution for the first time. · His famous book  'Philosophie Zoologique'  (Zoological Philosophies) was published in 1809 AD (the same year Darwin was born.) in which he discussed his theory in detail. · He coined the terms invertebrates and Annelida. · The term  Biology   was given by Lamarck and Treviranus in 1802 AD. · Main theme of Lamarck's theory...

· Father/founder of the concept of evolution - Empedocles (493-435 BC) · Father of modern applied ideas of evolution - Buffon (1707-1788 AD) · Father of evolution/Term evolution was coined by Herbert Spencer (1820-1903 AD) · Father of organic evolution- Charles Darwin (1809-1882 AD) · Derived from 2 Latin words- (e- from, and volvere - to unroll) · Charles Darwin in 1859 AD defined evolution as  ‘Descent with modification',  Evolution is a process by which related populations diverge from one another, giving rise to new species. · Anthropoids gave rise to old world monkeys, apes and man. (Hominoid line- line remaining after the separation of old world monkeys). · Changes in species over time/ Slow but continuous (Gradual) process/ branch of biology that deals with cumulative changes in the characteristic of organisms, over time in response to changes in an environment. · History and development of race with variations · Organic evolution is the process by which early forms of ...